Keith Lindley – Fenland Riots and the English Revolution

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Keith LindleyFenland Riots and the English Revolution
[Heinemann 1982]

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During the seventeenth century, attempts at fenland drainage projects provoked bitter opposition and widespread rioting. In this book Keith Lindley relates the disturbances to their wider political context, showing how they contributed to the causes, course and consequences of the English Revolution.

The implementation of drainage schemes in the 1630s confirmed the absolutist direction of government during Charles I's personal rule. Fenmen were preoccupied with preserving their commons from large-scale enclosure and their traditional economy from transformation, and a broad spectrum of local society from peasant to gentry was drawn into the resistance.

Fenland disturbances helped to raise the political temperature country-wide, as the political elite became convinced that the King must be supported as a bulwark against anarchy. Yet the fenmen were not revolutionaries. The riots themselves were essentially defensive, conservative and restrained. For the vast majority of those involved, the chief significance of the political crisis was the ideal opportunity it afforded to level enclosures and regain their commons.

By the end of the seventeenth century they could claim a large measure of success: courtier-dominated schemes were not revived after the Restoration and fenland drainage projects became subject to parliamentary approval.

Contents

Dating and Abbreviations
Preface
Introduction

1. The Fenland Undertakings
The Hatfield Level
The Great Level and the Deeping Level
The Ancholme Level
Courtier-dominated undertakings: the East, West and Wildmore Fens; the Lindsey Level; and the Holland Fen

2. Commoners, Undertakers and the Privy Council
The Hatfield Level, 1627-40
The Great Level, the first phase: 1632-3
The East and West Fens: 1635-9
The Great Level, the second phase: 1637-8
The Holland Fen, 1638; The Lindsey and Ancholme Levels, 1639

3. Lords, Commons and Commoners
The Short Parliament and its aftermath
The Long Parliament

4. Civil War Allegiance and Regained Commons

5. Commoners, Adventurers and Soldiers

6. Levellers and Fenmen

7. The Restored Undertakings
Courtier-dominated undertakings
The Ancholme Level
The Great Level and the Deeping Level
The Hatfield Level

Conclusion
Index
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